Miss World, the mouth of the male genitalia
Question: How do you describe a male organ in your country.
Miss America: America's male organ.
Q: Why?
United States: Because it saw the President, they will stand up ... ...
(Applause)
Question: How do you describe a male organ in your country.
Spain: Spain sees an opening.
Q: Why?
Spain: Because it saw the back door.
(Applause)
question: do you describe a male organ in your country.
. Philippines: the male organ gossip.
Q: Why?
. Philippines: Because it passes from mouth to mouth.
(Applause, applause, standing ovation, applause, applause)
Q: Iran can say that the male sex organs.
Miss Iran: Iran's male organ.
Q: Why?
. Iran: because they like through the back door.
(Applause, applause, laughter, laughter, applause, applause)
Q: Miss India, please describe the male sex organs.
. India: India's male organ.
Q: Why? ......
Miss India: Because they
. Malaysia: Malaysia's male organ proton sedans (Malaysia-made cars).
Q: Why? .
Malaysia: Look very hard (styling similar to the honda) is actually very soft (a collision on the deformation).
(Applause, applause, laughter, laughter, applause, applause)
Question: Ms Singapore, how do you describe a male organ in your country.
. Miss Singapore: Singapore can you say so.
Q: Why?
. Question: How can you say 15 minutes before.
(clap, clap, clap, clap, clap, clap)
Question: How do you describe a male organ in your country.
. China: China's male organ.
Q: Why? ........
China: not much, but within a few minutes brings you to the clouds ... ...
Monday, May 30, 2011
Thursday, May 26, 2011
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
Understand you met a person who is a lifetime of happiness
know a person you know than to know a person who loves you well , sometimes better than sex friends . And I think, have a friend like this life , then it is not more than friends , have one person can win a hundred people, is The fate of your life can be such a friend is to be met without resort to !
Wednesday, May 18, 2011
Project Settlement Skills
Project Settlement Skills present, most of the construction side, after the ones who enjoy the lowest winning bid, which resulted in the construction side will leave no stone unturned in the settlement to be a little more, the settlement of several techniques commonly used in the construction side, for your reference.
1, false workload. Carefully checked the work can be avoided;
2, repeat the reported amount of repeat reported negotiations. Changes will always be the same more than two to negotiate changes;
3, distorted terms of the contract;
4, vague negotiating positions. Construction unit reported a budget, have been used to negotiate the vague location and construction units who are not familiar with the site clearing and non-serious attitude, even through a negotiated more than 600 million to be;
5, altered negotiation content;
6, transform the fixed number;
7, for taking charge of the engineering labor costs, change the content of the fixed labor costs to increase the project cost;
8, change the software automatically calculates the workload budget, such as high fees, high-rise buildings;
9, inflated projects;
10, bright when the means.
comments and views:
1, as the construction of multi-party settlement is reported to the environment, because the left side will always give the audit examination room.
factual report will also be part of the trial out.
2, said the situation also exists, but the reason is their own master, but also fulfill their duties. But as long as not contrary to the provisions of scale, spirit of the document, both sides can get by to achieve the highest level, and this is the cost we do the ultimate goal pursued by officers.
3, each question must be a dialectical view, trading different. but often in a weak construction side yo
4, still have to pay attention to fairness and justice!
review of pre-settlement project skills
preparation pre-project data sheet is a much more onerous computational analysis of the work, there are many policy and technical issues, so the cost of the review consultation report is a review of technical, policy, economy strong work. The main content of the review is mainly engineering calculation and apply the correct budget price, the cost of standard compliance with existing provisions. If you do the preparatory work prior to its review and take appropriate review of methods, techniques, then review the pre-settlement to be made effective and efficient.
(a) to do preparatory work before the review
1, familiar with the construction drawings. Pre-construction settlement of the pipeline plan is an important basis for the number of sub-item, must be fully familiar with, check all drawings, inventory correct order after the reading.
2, to understand pre-settlement covered. According to the preparation of pre-settlement instructions including works to understand the content of pre-settlement. For example, facilities, outdoor pipelines, roads, and design changes after the joint hearing the drawings and so on.
3, the unit used to ascertain the valuation table. Valuation table or budget of any unit has a certain fixed scope of work should be based on the nature of the collection are familiar with the corresponding unit price, fixed data.
(b) review of the pre-clearing skills.
to achieve a quick review of the pre-settlement, we must follow from coarse to fine, comparative analysis, to find errors, simplify the review of principles for the preparation of pre-settlement by contrast, one by one principle of selection and use of rapid calculations and other co-ordinate method techniques, methods, so that the effectiveness of the review to achieve more with less.
1, the review group calculation method. Group calculation method is to pre-settlement review of the project is divided into several groups, and to be connected and have some internal links to compile in a project group to review the calculation of the same group or a sub-project in the amount of use between the same quantities or similar basis the relationship between the judge in the same group several other sub-project the accuracy of calculation methods. Such as:
(1) to groove digging, basic masonry, foundation pads, tank pit backfill, earth.
(2) ground floor area, the ground surface, ground pads, floor surface, floor screed, floor size, shed plaster, paste brush shed, roof layer.
(3) within the wall plastering, the plaster wall, slurry wall brush inside, walls had doors and windows and ring beam, exterior wall masonry.
in subsection (1) group, the first trough digging earthworks, basic masonry volume (outdoor floor below), calculated on the basis of cushion, while the tank pit backfill, Sinotrans to determine the size of the following:
excavation backfill volume = volume - (based on the volume of masonry + cushion)
than soil outside the foundation masonry + cushion volume = volume
in paragraph (2) group, the first bottom building area, floor (ground) surface area calculated. The floor screed, plaster ceiling, whitewashed quantities and floor (ground) surface area of the same; cushion quantities equal to the thickness of surface area by bedding, empty ceiling amount multiplied by the amount of floor slab construction the thickness of the conversion; EAVES increase the bottom area of the construction area, take the slope coefficient (level level do not take) is the amount of roofing projects; ground floor area by the slope coefficient (level level do not take) multiplied by the average thickness of insulation layer insulating layer quantities.
in Article (3) group, first of all the various internal and external wall thickness of the lintel window area and volume are a list of completed projects further calculation. First find the interior area, minus windows and doors area, then take the thickness of the wall by wall, ring volume is equal to the beam size (if the height difference inside and outside part and the wall material is not the same time, the wall should be deducted, shall be calculated separately.) Available within the plaster wall by wall fixed coefficients, or by 0.9 to estimate the external plaster.
2, comparative review of methods. This method is to use pre-settlement project has been completed or has not yet completed but amendments have been reviewed pre-project review of the proposed settlement of a similar comparison a method of project budget, compared to review laws generally have the following conditions should be based on the different projects Conditions treated differently.
(1) construction of two projects using the same map, but the basic parts and different site conditions, based on new construction over part of their comparative review of methods can be used; different parts of the available methods were used to examine the corresponding review.
(2) two engineering design the same, but the construction area are different. According to the ratio of the two construction area and volume of the two projects the proportion of sub-projects are basically the same characteristics, can review the new construction sub-segment of the engineering content. Or two projects cost per square meter of building area per square meter of construction area and the sub-segment of the pre-settlement is correct, on the contrary, that new construction pre-settlement problems, identify the error cause to be corrected.
(3) two projects of the same size, but the design drawings are not identical, they can put the same parts of the plant in the column, let stand, roof, walls, etc., the comparative review of quantity can not compare sub-part of the project calculated by the drawings.
3, comparative review of decomposition method. Is a unit of the project, direct costs and indirect costs by decomposing and then make direct costs by type of work and division works decomposition, respectively, with the approval of the standard pre-settlement method of comparative analysis. Review of comparative analysis methods are generally three steps:
first step, a comprehensive audit standards for building construction plans or complex shape with pre-settlement project construction plans, after approval by the examination of other similar projects as a basis for comparison with pre-settlement. And will be audited pre-settlement fees and shall be taken by direct costs broken down into two parts, then broken down into various types of direct costs of engineering and engineering budget and settlement division, they were calculated pre-settlement price per square meter.
second step, the project intends to pre-trial settlement and cost of the same type of unilateral pre-settlement comparison, if the access to less than 1% -3%, according to requirements of the region, and then decompose the sub-part of the project, while decomposition edges contrast, for the greater access to further review.
third step, comparative review. The methods were:
(1) The analysis and comparison, such as the cost difference should be taken that large investment projects should be considered the source and type of construction and to take charge of projects and whether the standard fee of existing regulations; material difference between the price adjustment larger Tables should be further examined material price adjustment will be a variety of materials, the amount of price adjustment, the number of units such as the spread and the increase was compared.
(2) through the decomposition of comparison, pre-clearing price is found out of civil works is larger, further comparison of each sub-project or project breakdown. In contrast, the first check listed in the project breakdown is correct, pre-clearing prices are the same. Found that the greater the difference, and then sets the budget for further review by the unit price, the final breakdown of the project review the project volume.
4, other review methods.
(1) comprehensive review of the law. Smaller than for some projects, the engineering process is relatively simple, the preparation of the pre-settlement technology and relatively weak, and can be a comprehensive review of law. This method is specific and the preparation of the budget review process is basically the same, more comprehensive, detailed, review of the project budget by less errors, higher quality, but the heavy workload.
(2) spot test method. Focus on large projects or the review of high cost, complicated engineering project structure, supplementary unit valuation table, the accrual basis of accounting fees, fee of standards. Review of this method time is short, focused and effective.
(3) by manual review method. The project used prefabricated components and parts, such as washing pool, stool sets, inspection wells, septic tanks, cupboards, etc. is calculated according to the standard atlas of quantities, put price, compiled into a manual, using manual review, can be greatly simplified Pre-settlement of the pipeline work.
(4) screening examination method. Although construction of different building size and height, but their various sub-segment of the engineering quantity, cost, amount of labor in the value per unit area on the little change to these data collection, selection, induction for the project volume, cost, three unilateral employment base value table, and indicate the applicable building standards. These basic values like sub-part of a detailed review of the project. This method is suitable for residential projects or do not have a comprehensive review of conditions of the project.
settlement summary must see
1, after the completion of B changes according to construction plans later made a settlement, the settlement still use the list pricing, settlement price is 1200 yuan, there are 200 million negotiated changes (this project is not built drawings and acceptance for the report, a number of materials and practices change and no signature). Engineering consulting firm for this time of the audit in accordance with Party B does not match the settlement offer and the contract price, and the comprehensive settlement of the tender price and the practices are not consistent with the other construction drawings and tender drawings vary greatly, does not meet the requirements of tender documents conditions of the. Therefore decided to approach the fixed pricing and settlement of audit, settlement construction plans will be re-counted all the measures costs are recalculated. Validation obtained the settlement price significantly lower than the price of B. And B to have the list price on the grounds, adhere to the list settled, do not agree to adjust the integrated unit costs and measures fees. The two sides at loggerheads over, the negotiations reached a stalemate. Such differences should be how to determine?
A: The focus of this issue whether the fixed pricing in the settlement. Therefore, both sides confirmed that settlement at a fixed price without sign and acknowledge, if there is no matter how much the price is right. If not, the two sides have re-established after the settlement for settlement.
2, list the balance sheet, the material difference, temporary valuation adjustment, the list of subheadings should be how to adjust the content of settlement, according to the contract? Material difference, a provisional valuation of the adjusted contract price may be implemented, but if it is included in the contents of the list items are changed, the increase or decrease how to deal with it? In addition, if the Party provides prices change in a single subdirectory not be adjusted within limits, how to avoid risks? At the same time the content of the above list price after the change is the use of the terms of it?
A: In the settlement, the material spreads, temporary valuation adjustment should be according to the contract. Change list item has two parts, the first is the change of quantities, and the second is a change in job content. The first single subdirectory full price at the limit for adjustment. The second contract design changes according to specific requirements or visa.
3, inventory valuation model tender, in the process of completion of settlement, there are several aspects of the problem how to deal with (the contract specify the amount of the actual settlement of the completed works, that is not considered List of error is over): ⑴ change occurred quantities, unit prices at the tender points can be part of the project costs; that the measures in the original bid price if charges should be adjusted accordingly? ⑵ direct costs or fees, including measures for the adjustment, the original tender fee is also adjusted accordingly? It also will be adjusted ⑶ taxes?
A: The volume of engineering changes, the sub-part in real adjusted, measures whether the item is to analyze the changes of quantity due to changes, if it is according to the contract claims are range.
changes for whatever reason, regulatory fees and taxes amount to adjust the balance sheet.
4, tendering new settlement group integrated unit price of items, materials, construction unit price is based on quoted bid price of materials when the construction process or by the actual price of materials group price. Such as the base with a base the original tender, based upon changes to full house, full house foundation to be re-set price?
A: The balance sheet items according to the contract on the specific requirements of material to analyze whether the lump sum price list of items and a change is causing changes in key measures. If not required, it should be set according to the actual price of materials price changes if the list item should be re-set price, but must be recognized by the construction unit or supervision.
5, the number of quantities of engineering works arising from the wrong amount of change in the balance sheet should be solved?
A: The terms of the contract on the settlement of the specific requirements of implementation. If not required, to analyze this type of contract, the contract is closed or open-ended contracts, in general, is a settlement for both parties to supplement the terms of the contract details and then proceed to checkout.
6, now have a project, the use of inventory valuation, the contract is adjustable price contracts, excluding cost of material supplied by the accounts for 1000 million, and another 500 million of material supplied, a by approved mining 10% premium to us, and now of material supplied to retire, the question is whether this 500 million measure costs and fees remember? In addition, the 10% premium 50 million if mining is also bear in mind the costs and fees measures?
A: A fee for materials and measures are two separate fees, no relationship between the can. After signing the contract if the item is not clearly defined measures can not change is the completion of the cost of eligible projects must occur. As a return for the material, the construction unit, leaving only the custodial fees. Of course, the amount of change in settlement, fees and taxes should be adjusted accordingly.
7, a construction contract, the total price based on preliminary budget and labor insurance premiums should be 18 million yuan, but the two sides agreed in the contract lump sum to 150,000 yuan. Funds for the construction side, after the reasons for the project up to 18 months suspended and can not return to work. Cancel the contract and the actual completion of the two sides in settlement projects, the normal fee of the standard should only take 8 million of the labor insurance premium. Construction of the opinion that the contract is signed as The construction side is that the original contract labor insurance premium based on 18 million budget down to 15 million yuan, the actual completion of work shall be an equal proportion of the premium is lower, should be in the labor insurance premiums on the basis of 8 million by ratio down? How to deal with such cases?
in the aforementioned case, the project is far less than the actual settlement of the total price when the price for letting the contract, temporary facilities, construction work, according to the actual amount of fees has also been reduced. But the construction side, said facility fee in the size of the pre-construction works have been a one-time investment, and the reason for the temporary facilities, the construction side over the construction period of the contract, temporary facilities, the number of residual value is no longer available, so the facility fee shall be the same amount of the original contract budget. I think that the construction side of the argument does make sense, I do not know the rules by industry, such cases should be handled?
A: This problem is already done after the termination of the contract settlement method, in principle, to terminate the contract in terms of the settlement of the requirements of the contract, if no request, the two sides coordinate to determine the balance sheet approach, but must not normal operation by the settlement method works. Orders for settlement in real terms, it does not exist facility fee reduced in proportion to the problem, in addition to termination of the contract also increase due to the claim occurred.
8, if the total package to a large water projects contracted out to other people, and other details with price (material cost + labor cost is a) signed by the authorized party. So when we settled into the clearing price approved by Party, but the auditors agreed to adjust the main material costs only, not agreed to adjust the fixed content and labor costs. The principle of a fixed market price in 2001, the fixed amount. How does this settlement?
A: First, the settlement must be based on contract, is the total package is not big bag bag does not matter. In real contract, Party A signature is recognized, if the contract have expressly agreed to be settled according to fixed, regardless of whether the signing party must find a settlement based on the evidence of change, if not can not be recognized.
9, Mechanical Big Dig project, neither the contract agreement, the Party has no special requirements, the construction unit to take a retaining wall and slope of sand bags, whether through settlement Cost?
A: If this project is used bidding, bidding program whether to adopt the retaining wall, if it is not separately taken into account, and if other programs, changing programs and construction units must be sought the consent of the Commissioner, if the certifying procedures should be increased, if not can not be increased.
10, I work for the first time in the actual settlement with the list, ask you heroes integrated unit for the actual situation because of material changes in price or change? When the contract is not binding, can change how much? For example: the process of excavation, the increase in distance or use a change of equipment, integrated unit to change it? If we can change what procedures need to fulfill?
material prices vary greatly, tender price for the 65 stones, as the project duration is longer, the stone into a 110 ex-factory price, you can change the integrated unit it? Or how to get the two sides settled more appropriate?
A: Generally the Bill of Quantities, is a fixed price contract, considered part of the comprehensive price risk, as long as the job content did not change the material prices are not adjusted, can not adjust to terms of the settlement under the contract The agreement, if there is no agreement, the two sides through consultation.
11, the tender price at the completion of the project accounts, the project amount of change, whether on the tender part of the re-calculation, or just change the part of the calculation? Bid price of the book's final account of when the material can be adjusted? (Adjustable-price contract is signed)
Answer: According to the contract, generally only on the part of the contractual changes to the calculation method, as material prices are still based on the contract, if not Part of the agreement can only change the real balance sheet, the tender part of the adjustment should not be. For the special case consultation.
12, works contracts are fixed price contract signed, comprehensive unit price is calculated according to the laying of granite mortar and negotiate for the switch to imported ceramic stone laying adhesive, settlement construction units also increased the amount of the original works, what of you peers, engineering changes to allow it?
A: To change the terms of the contract according to the agreement, from the problem, if the contract is not agreed, are two different list item, changes in the settlement to re-group after the list of items price from confirmation that the construction, engineering changes are allowed.
13, the total price of the contract package to die, how settlement construction units completed in the balance sheet data reported?
A; very simple, without any change the contract amount equal to the settlement amount. How has it changed the contract can be adjusted according to how you can adjust with changes in costs. Second, the claim should also increase the costs under the contract.
14, in the existing laws and regulations, for the settlement of project cost has no such requirement: If the project once the bidding, settlement in the project, must change the bid price + visa + in the form of calculation, if the two sides agreed in the settlement of accounts according to the actual amount of construction work, whether the tender offer in the amount of the missing works and projects (the finished) for additional.
A: accurately, will not be mandatory laws and regulations, which must be settled by way of settlement. Settlement if the two sides agreed to complete the project according to the actual amount of settlement, the contract can be used as the supplementary conditions, the force of law, for the tender offer in the amount of missed work and projects can be added.
15, earthwork excavation pile construction projects, contracting not-included, in which the contract moving in real terms, be counted when faced collapse, and now because the party representatives and supervision Party dissatisfaction, free visa, resulting in moving the number of landslides increased a lot, I ask how a party to the settlement?
A: This is the Party's internal management issues, if all party representatives and the Commissioner of the visa approval to the construction unit should be settled. Dereliction of duty if the party insiders that, should produce sufficient information or evidence to take legal proceedings.
16, on a for how material should be returned in the settlement, has been controversial, would like to ask about?
A: A and B for the material should be agreed between the parties. Generally use the normal settlement, a settlement price for the material at less. A market price for the procurement of materials and the difference between the settlement price be resolved by the Party, Party B after deducting the process can take a total storage fee for materials.
17, I have a project recently completed work is in the final settlement, the contract price of this project is very low, and nearly one-third of quantities for materials belonging to a and Party sub-project, project contract settlement and related by a fixed fee of 01 reduced by 10% after the implementation of, and negotiation of the project CERs great (Party engineers specify when the visa due to some negotiations I lodge, and no longer included in the economic changes, and subtract the true credit) to subtract the part of the contract if the press is also the implementation of this provision, the loss of our large, I think the original contract price of this project is very low, and there are A large part or the Party for the sub-projects, this part of the capital is a fixed number, but as a decrease, and a sub-only party for the actual workload of our material outside, so I think that part can not subtract Click here to contract enforcement, please give express.
A: The balance sheet should be deducted from the budget for materials and Party A is a sub-project, project funds remaining as the contract price, and then calculated according to the contract to increase the works (as agreed fall).
18, I have been doing a clearing project is the tender of quantities by the Employer in the tender offer and completion of the project the amount of inconsistency between the actual quantities, according to local authorities provisions should be part of multi-column shall not be deducted, according to the corresponding price list in the amount of settlement; omissions and less out some administrative department of construction shall be issued by the valuation basis and the guide price settlement. I am now experiencing a budget problem is that we won the bid book distribution box installation subheadings offer was too low, the budget is mainly caused by power distribution boxes offer is too low, can not be adjusted as required. But if some distribution box-counting (when the Party of quantities in the contract) I was winning the budget should be similar to the book distribution box subheadings integrated unit reported settlement, or the actual price of the equipment included in subdirectory , according to a new integrated unit settlement?
A: In general the construction drawings, signed by the party identified the construction plan, site visa list, approved by a single technology, engineering change orders, effective completion of data can be used as a basis for settlement; but Some Party will require the information as a basis for settlement of the economy must be bound specifically to sign and acknowledge, as far as possible in order to avoid passing the buck settlement expressly agreed in the contract.
19, the contract settled according to the budget for the construction plans, design changes and field a visa. The project construction unit in the process of settlement as proposed settlement based on hidden data, right?
A: The hidden engineering design changes or field can be used as the basis for a visa, but have additional design changes and field a single visa.
20, this year, cable, wire the price rises too much, I Party to the settlement required us to adjust the spread, but the Party does not give us adjust the Party said it has been agreed in the contract, including the risk factor. Is this the risk is too great, I do not know that we can ask the party to adjust. Also, do not know about the rise in copper is there any documents, rose in number to the number not be adjusted within the range, rising domestic demand in the range of the number of how many have agreed in the contract but either can be adjusted. And in what ways I can make the difference Party to adjust to me.
A: According to the contract, if the contract is not agreed only consultation.
21, of quantities does not match the description and construction drawings, and construction of a site visa, at a fixed price case, the settlement price is adjustable.
Answer: According to the contract terms of the settlement agreement on the changes and visa, if there is a clear stated at contract execution. If there is no clearly defined change and the two sides negotiated settlement visa after the settlement.
22, tender documents and contract engineering, information clearing prices according to local bulletin main material prices, but the two sides in the construction price of the visa of the main material, significantly higher than the price of a local bulletin information and supervision units also sign for approval, as the audit should be done?
A: If the contract is agreed to be the first implementation of the contract. Another signature supervision units, the construction unit is to sign and acknowledge, because some functions are only responsible for supervision of the contract site conditions, cost involved must be party to sign and acknowledge, if the party has to sign and acknowledge, and can be considered as supplementary information on the settlement should be pricing.
23, tender documents and contract engineering, information clearing prices according to local bulletin main material prices, but in the construction of the two sides signed a supplementary agreement, the settlement price of the main material for the local Gazette information price plus transportation costs, and agreed to the second transport costs, transport costs and transport costs were significantly higher than that of the secondary market price, as the audit department should I do?
A: If the party endorsement and a supplemental agreement, the audit should be further informed the Party that is unreasonable, but if the party agrees, or that a special reason, the Supplemental Agreement shall be given to the balance sheet , (except for government audit.)
one, clearing some
1, a project (for fixed pricing) contract basis in real settlement, clearing and found the foundation trench open dug wider than the fixed engineering calculation rules (based on the basis of bottom width plus face), the construction units and construction units began to diverge, the construction unit that its rule beyond the calculation of the fixed quantities, belonging to the construction measures, according to the contract design part of the non-measurement I ask: 1) What is to complete the workload of the actual consumption of a survival or costs.
2, foundation trench dug part of the settlement should first look over the causes, if the owners of ultra-digging part is the cause or force majeure, then the need for design changes or a visa, according to the actual post-construction the amount of settlement. If the reason is due to the construction side, you can not according to specifications that its construction, the rules should be settled.
2, there is a project of the clearing work, a lot of changes and visas, involving the calculation of the visa now understand there are differences, the differences are as follows: increased cost of 53,000 yuan a work visa, but did not indicate whether includes all costs, so the calculation is included in direct costs to participate in the profit accrual, tax, or credited directly to pre-tax cost, or directly included in the after-tax cost? Also because there is a discount of 8% Party, may I ask whether it should offer some visa?
A: 1, a visa is for the actual costs incurred, taking into account the general visa just another tax, that is directly included in pre-tax cost.
2, part of the visa depends on whether the concessions contract, if agreed according contract execution, if not agreed, you will need to consult both parties. In general, the offer is for the project, while the visa is included in the individual within the total project cost, so it needs concessions.
3, there is a project, the tender document the basis of independent quantities excavation is described as follows: m * 2.0m digging depth: 2.7m spoil distance: discretion to consider groundwater level: -1.2 m . The description of the independent foundation concrete, 'd Like to, have been described independent foundation construction is completed, ask the independent foundation of the A: According to the inventory valuation norms, digging earthworks list of items based on the amount of the project is to The quantities, while deepening cushion thickness should be calculated.
For these cases only the items listed in the list of features provided by Party did not specify whether it is by earthwork So not to judge whether the counting Party. Construction side need to verify that, if indeed counting needs to Party with the amount of this part of the project.
4, lump sum price in the project to meet new fees do not increase construction measures, such as the new wall, scaffold or not to calculate it?
A: You should see the contract. Normally, lump sum price does not include new items, new items, if for the construction of additional construction measures triggered fee (generally refers to technical measures fee), you need to take into account.
5, where I was a water treatment plant project, recently encountered a claim, we in the earth excavation and construction supervision and the organization does not formally submitted to the former owners, the consent of the owners under supervision and for large earth excavation, foundation digging depth of 4.5M, 98M long catchy wide 46.5M, the foundation has been finished and put into one side of the sink stack pool, in the excavation prior to our request orally stacked near the sink Pool play according to the design side of two rows of steel sheet pile, but the owners and the Commissioner refused to cost too much, so we take the natural form of excavation grading, the stack after the pool side of the earth near the sink part of the collapse and uneven settlement, resulting in the original pool of a drain stack Shen broken earth is immersed in water a large area under the collapsed after the accident we take active measures to remedy the pool side of the stack near the sink to play again and do two rows of steel sheet pile concrete slope protection, transfer to four pumps continuous pumping. After our request the claim, but the Commissioner and the owners refused a visa in the following two reasons:
(1) construction of earth of our organization is formally submitted after the accident to the Commissioner of
; (2) Supervision and the owner verbally rejected the two rows of steel sheet pile to play, but did not refuse to play a row of steel sheet pile construction on the grounds that the organization is due to our failure, accidents caused by ill-conceived construction measures.
reason I ask the Commissioner of reasonable? Can we claim?
A: If the terms from the written materials, supervision, and the owners of the grounds are reasonable, the construction side can not claim. Specific reasons are as follows: 1. The construction request to play two rows of steel sheet pile, but the owners and the Commissioner of the cost is too high to refuse. But the owners did not ask you do not take effective measures to prevent accidents from occurring, the surface can be seen from the title owners would like to take low cost measures to B, but B does not continue to put forward reasonable proposals, and to take measures not the natural grading to ensure good construction quality. Therefore, Party B should bear the primary responsibility.
1, false workload. Carefully checked the work can be avoided;
2, repeat the reported amount of repeat reported negotiations. Changes will always be the same more than two to negotiate changes;
3, distorted terms of the contract;
4, vague negotiating positions. Construction unit reported a budget, have been used to negotiate the vague location and construction units who are not familiar with the site clearing and non-serious attitude, even through a negotiated more than 600 million to be;
5, altered negotiation content;
6, transform the fixed number;
7, for taking charge of the engineering labor costs, change the content of the fixed labor costs to increase the project cost;
8, change the software automatically calculates the workload budget, such as high fees, high-rise buildings;
9, inflated projects;
10, bright when the means.
comments and views:
1, as the construction of multi-party settlement is reported to the environment, because the left side will always give the audit examination room.
factual report will also be part of the trial out.
2, said the situation also exists, but the reason is their own master, but also fulfill their duties. But as long as not contrary to the provisions of scale, spirit of the document, both sides can get by to achieve the highest level, and this is the cost we do the ultimate goal pursued by officers.
3, each question must be a dialectical view, trading different. but often in a weak construction side yo
4, still have to pay attention to fairness and justice!
review of pre-settlement project skills
preparation pre-project data sheet is a much more onerous computational analysis of the work, there are many policy and technical issues, so the cost of the review consultation report is a review of technical, policy, economy strong work. The main content of the review is mainly engineering calculation and apply the correct budget price, the cost of standard compliance with existing provisions. If you do the preparatory work prior to its review and take appropriate review of methods, techniques, then review the pre-settlement to be made effective and efficient.
(a) to do preparatory work before the review
1, familiar with the construction drawings. Pre-construction settlement of the pipeline plan is an important basis for the number of sub-item, must be fully familiar with, check all drawings, inventory correct order after the reading.
2, to understand pre-settlement covered. According to the preparation of pre-settlement instructions including works to understand the content of pre-settlement. For example, facilities, outdoor pipelines, roads, and design changes after the joint hearing the drawings and so on.
3, the unit used to ascertain the valuation table. Valuation table or budget of any unit has a certain fixed scope of work should be based on the nature of the collection are familiar with the corresponding unit price, fixed data.
(b) review of the pre-clearing skills.
to achieve a quick review of the pre-settlement, we must follow from coarse to fine, comparative analysis, to find errors, simplify the review of principles for the preparation of pre-settlement by contrast, one by one principle of selection and use of rapid calculations and other co-ordinate method techniques, methods, so that the effectiveness of the review to achieve more with less.
1, the review group calculation method. Group calculation method is to pre-settlement review of the project is divided into several groups, and to be connected and have some internal links to compile in a project group to review the calculation of the same group or a sub-project in the amount of use between the same quantities or similar basis the relationship between the judge in the same group several other sub-project the accuracy of calculation methods. Such as:
(1) to groove digging, basic masonry, foundation pads, tank pit backfill, earth.
(2) ground floor area, the ground surface, ground pads, floor surface, floor screed, floor size, shed plaster, paste brush shed, roof layer.
(3) within the wall plastering, the plaster wall, slurry wall brush inside, walls had doors and windows and ring beam, exterior wall masonry.
in subsection (1) group, the first trough digging earthworks, basic masonry volume (outdoor floor below), calculated on the basis of cushion, while the tank pit backfill, Sinotrans to determine the size of the following:
excavation backfill volume = volume - (based on the volume of masonry + cushion)
than soil outside the foundation masonry + cushion volume = volume
in paragraph (2) group, the first bottom building area, floor (ground) surface area calculated. The floor screed, plaster ceiling, whitewashed quantities and floor (ground) surface area of the same; cushion quantities equal to the thickness of surface area by bedding, empty ceiling amount multiplied by the amount of floor slab construction the thickness of the conversion; EAVES increase the bottom area of the construction area, take the slope coefficient (level level do not take) is the amount of roofing projects; ground floor area by the slope coefficient (level level do not take) multiplied by the average thickness of insulation layer insulating layer quantities.
in Article (3) group, first of all the various internal and external wall thickness of the lintel window area and volume are a list of completed projects further calculation. First find the interior area, minus windows and doors area, then take the thickness of the wall by wall, ring volume is equal to the beam size (if the height difference inside and outside part and the wall material is not the same time, the wall should be deducted, shall be calculated separately.) Available within the plaster wall by wall fixed coefficients, or by 0.9 to estimate the external plaster.
2, comparative review of methods. This method is to use pre-settlement project has been completed or has not yet completed but amendments have been reviewed pre-project review of the proposed settlement of a similar comparison a method of project budget, compared to review laws generally have the following conditions should be based on the different projects Conditions treated differently.
(1) construction of two projects using the same map, but the basic parts and different site conditions, based on new construction over part of their comparative review of methods can be used; different parts of the available methods were used to examine the corresponding review.
(2) two engineering design the same, but the construction area are different. According to the ratio of the two construction area and volume of the two projects the proportion of sub-projects are basically the same characteristics, can review the new construction sub-segment of the engineering content. Or two projects cost per square meter of building area per square meter of construction area and the sub-segment of the pre-settlement is correct, on the contrary, that new construction pre-settlement problems, identify the error cause to be corrected.
(3) two projects of the same size, but the design drawings are not identical, they can put the same parts of the plant in the column, let stand, roof, walls, etc., the comparative review of quantity can not compare sub-part of the project calculated by the drawings.
3, comparative review of decomposition method. Is a unit of the project, direct costs and indirect costs by decomposing and then make direct costs by type of work and division works decomposition, respectively, with the approval of the standard pre-settlement method of comparative analysis. Review of comparative analysis methods are generally three steps:
first step, a comprehensive audit standards for building construction plans or complex shape with pre-settlement project construction plans, after approval by the examination of other similar projects as a basis for comparison with pre-settlement. And will be audited pre-settlement fees and shall be taken by direct costs broken down into two parts, then broken down into various types of direct costs of engineering and engineering budget and settlement division, they were calculated pre-settlement price per square meter.
second step, the project intends to pre-trial settlement and cost of the same type of unilateral pre-settlement comparison, if the access to less than 1% -3%, according to requirements of the region, and then decompose the sub-part of the project, while decomposition edges contrast, for the greater access to further review.
third step, comparative review. The methods were:
(1) The analysis and comparison, such as the cost difference should be taken that large investment projects should be considered the source and type of construction and to take charge of projects and whether the standard fee of existing regulations; material difference between the price adjustment larger Tables should be further examined material price adjustment will be a variety of materials, the amount of price adjustment, the number of units such as the spread and the increase was compared.
(2) through the decomposition of comparison, pre-clearing price is found out of civil works is larger, further comparison of each sub-project or project breakdown. In contrast, the first check listed in the project breakdown is correct, pre-clearing prices are the same. Found that the greater the difference, and then sets the budget for further review by the unit price, the final breakdown of the project review the project volume.
4, other review methods.
(1) comprehensive review of the law. Smaller than for some projects, the engineering process is relatively simple, the preparation of the pre-settlement technology and relatively weak, and can be a comprehensive review of law. This method is specific and the preparation of the budget review process is basically the same, more comprehensive, detailed, review of the project budget by less errors, higher quality, but the heavy workload.
(2) spot test method. Focus on large projects or the review of high cost, complicated engineering project structure, supplementary unit valuation table, the accrual basis of accounting fees, fee of standards. Review of this method time is short, focused and effective.
(3) by manual review method. The project used prefabricated components and parts, such as washing pool, stool sets, inspection wells, septic tanks, cupboards, etc. is calculated according to the standard atlas of quantities, put price, compiled into a manual, using manual review, can be greatly simplified Pre-settlement of the pipeline work.
(4) screening examination method. Although construction of different building size and height, but their various sub-segment of the engineering quantity, cost, amount of labor in the value per unit area on the little change to these data collection, selection, induction for the project volume, cost, three unilateral employment base value table, and indicate the applicable building standards. These basic values like sub-part of a detailed review of the project. This method is suitable for residential projects or do not have a comprehensive review of conditions of the project.
settlement summary must see
1, after the completion of B changes according to construction plans later made a settlement, the settlement still use the list pricing, settlement price is 1200 yuan, there are 200 million negotiated changes (this project is not built drawings and acceptance for the report, a number of materials and practices change and no signature). Engineering consulting firm for this time of the audit in accordance with Party B does not match the settlement offer and the contract price, and the comprehensive settlement of the tender price and the practices are not consistent with the other construction drawings and tender drawings vary greatly, does not meet the requirements of tender documents conditions of the. Therefore decided to approach the fixed pricing and settlement of audit, settlement construction plans will be re-counted all the measures costs are recalculated. Validation obtained the settlement price significantly lower than the price of B. And B to have the list price on the grounds, adhere to the list settled, do not agree to adjust the integrated unit costs and measures fees. The two sides at loggerheads over, the negotiations reached a stalemate. Such differences should be how to determine?
A: The focus of this issue whether the fixed pricing in the settlement. Therefore, both sides confirmed that settlement at a fixed price without sign and acknowledge, if there is no matter how much the price is right. If not, the two sides have re-established after the settlement for settlement.
2, list the balance sheet, the material difference, temporary valuation adjustment, the list of subheadings should be how to adjust the content of settlement, according to the contract? Material difference, a provisional valuation of the adjusted contract price may be implemented, but if it is included in the contents of the list items are changed, the increase or decrease how to deal with it? In addition, if the Party provides prices change in a single subdirectory not be adjusted within limits, how to avoid risks? At the same time the content of the above list price after the change is the use of the terms of it?
A: In the settlement, the material spreads, temporary valuation adjustment should be according to the contract. Change list item has two parts, the first is the change of quantities, and the second is a change in job content. The first single subdirectory full price at the limit for adjustment. The second contract design changes according to specific requirements or visa.
3, inventory valuation model tender, in the process of completion of settlement, there are several aspects of the problem how to deal with (the contract specify the amount of the actual settlement of the completed works, that is not considered List of error is over): ⑴ change occurred quantities, unit prices at the tender points can be part of the project costs; that the measures in the original bid price if charges should be adjusted accordingly? ⑵ direct costs or fees, including measures for the adjustment, the original tender fee is also adjusted accordingly? It also will be adjusted ⑶ taxes?
A: The volume of engineering changes, the sub-part in real adjusted, measures whether the item is to analyze the changes of quantity due to changes, if it is according to the contract claims are range.
changes for whatever reason, regulatory fees and taxes amount to adjust the balance sheet.
4, tendering new settlement group integrated unit price of items, materials, construction unit price is based on quoted bid price of materials when the construction process or by the actual price of materials group price. Such as the base with a base the original tender, based upon changes to full house, full house foundation to be re-set price?
A: The balance sheet items according to the contract on the specific requirements of material to analyze whether the lump sum price list of items and a change is causing changes in key measures. If not required, it should be set according to the actual price of materials price changes if the list item should be re-set price, but must be recognized by the construction unit or supervision.
5, the number of quantities of engineering works arising from the wrong amount of change in the balance sheet should be solved?
A: The terms of the contract on the settlement of the specific requirements of implementation. If not required, to analyze this type of contract, the contract is closed or open-ended contracts, in general, is a settlement for both parties to supplement the terms of the contract details and then proceed to checkout.
6, now have a project, the use of inventory valuation, the contract is adjustable price contracts, excluding cost of material supplied by the accounts for 1000 million, and another 500 million of material supplied, a by approved mining 10% premium to us, and now of material supplied to retire, the question is whether this 500 million measure costs and fees remember? In addition, the 10% premium 50 million if mining is also bear in mind the costs and fees measures?
A: A fee for materials and measures are two separate fees, no relationship between the can. After signing the contract if the item is not clearly defined measures can not change is the completion of the cost of eligible projects must occur. As a return for the material, the construction unit, leaving only the custodial fees. Of course, the amount of change in settlement, fees and taxes should be adjusted accordingly.
7, a construction contract, the total price based on preliminary budget and labor insurance premiums should be 18 million yuan, but the two sides agreed in the contract lump sum to 150,000 yuan. Funds for the construction side, after the reasons for the project up to 18 months suspended and can not return to work. Cancel the contract and the actual completion of the two sides in settlement projects, the normal fee of the standard should only take 8 million of the labor insurance premium. Construction of the opinion that the contract is signed as The construction side is that the original contract labor insurance premium based on 18 million budget down to 15 million yuan, the actual completion of work shall be an equal proportion of the premium is lower, should be in the labor insurance premiums on the basis of 8 million by ratio down? How to deal with such cases?
in the aforementioned case, the project is far less than the actual settlement of the total price when the price for letting the contract, temporary facilities, construction work, according to the actual amount of fees has also been reduced. But the construction side, said facility fee in the size of the pre-construction works have been a one-time investment, and the reason for the temporary facilities, the construction side over the construction period of the contract, temporary facilities, the number of residual value is no longer available, so the facility fee shall be the same amount of the original contract budget. I think that the construction side of the argument does make sense, I do not know the rules by industry, such cases should be handled?
A: This problem is already done after the termination of the contract settlement method, in principle, to terminate the contract in terms of the settlement of the requirements of the contract, if no request, the two sides coordinate to determine the balance sheet approach, but must not normal operation by the settlement method works. Orders for settlement in real terms, it does not exist facility fee reduced in proportion to the problem, in addition to termination of the contract also increase due to the claim occurred.
8, if the total package to a large water projects contracted out to other people, and other details with price (material cost + labor cost is a) signed by the authorized party. So when we settled into the clearing price approved by Party, but the auditors agreed to adjust the main material costs only, not agreed to adjust the fixed content and labor costs. The principle of a fixed market price in 2001, the fixed amount. How does this settlement?
A: First, the settlement must be based on contract, is the total package is not big bag bag does not matter. In real contract, Party A signature is recognized, if the contract have expressly agreed to be settled according to fixed, regardless of whether the signing party must find a settlement based on the evidence of change, if not can not be recognized.
9, Mechanical Big Dig project, neither the contract agreement, the Party has no special requirements, the construction unit to take a retaining wall and slope of sand bags, whether through settlement Cost?
A: If this project is used bidding, bidding program whether to adopt the retaining wall, if it is not separately taken into account, and if other programs, changing programs and construction units must be sought the consent of the Commissioner, if the certifying procedures should be increased, if not can not be increased.
10, I work for the first time in the actual settlement with the list, ask you heroes integrated unit for the actual situation because of material changes in price or change? When the contract is not binding, can change how much? For example: the process of excavation, the increase in distance or use a change of equipment, integrated unit to change it? If we can change what procedures need to fulfill?
material prices vary greatly, tender price for the 65 stones, as the project duration is longer, the stone into a 110 ex-factory price, you can change the integrated unit it? Or how to get the two sides settled more appropriate?
A: Generally the Bill of Quantities, is a fixed price contract, considered part of the comprehensive price risk, as long as the job content did not change the material prices are not adjusted, can not adjust to terms of the settlement under the contract The agreement, if there is no agreement, the two sides through consultation.
11, the tender price at the completion of the project accounts, the project amount of change, whether on the tender part of the re-calculation, or just change the part of the calculation? Bid price of the book's final account of when the material can be adjusted? (Adjustable-price contract is signed)
Answer: According to the contract, generally only on the part of the contractual changes to the calculation method, as material prices are still based on the contract, if not Part of the agreement can only change the real balance sheet, the tender part of the adjustment should not be. For the special case consultation.
12, works contracts are fixed price contract signed, comprehensive unit price is calculated according to the laying of granite mortar and negotiate for the switch to imported ceramic stone laying adhesive, settlement construction units also increased the amount of the original works, what of you peers, engineering changes to allow it?
A: To change the terms of the contract according to the agreement, from the problem, if the contract is not agreed, are two different list item, changes in the settlement to re-group after the list of items price from confirmation that the construction, engineering changes are allowed.
13, the total price of the contract package to die, how settlement construction units completed in the balance sheet data reported?
A; very simple, without any change the contract amount equal to the settlement amount. How has it changed the contract can be adjusted according to how you can adjust with changes in costs. Second, the claim should also increase the costs under the contract.
14, in the existing laws and regulations, for the settlement of project cost has no such requirement: If the project once the bidding, settlement in the project, must change the bid price + visa + in the form of calculation, if the two sides agreed in the settlement of accounts according to the actual amount of construction work, whether the tender offer in the amount of the missing works and projects (the finished) for additional.
A: accurately, will not be mandatory laws and regulations, which must be settled by way of settlement. Settlement if the two sides agreed to complete the project according to the actual amount of settlement, the contract can be used as the supplementary conditions, the force of law, for the tender offer in the amount of missed work and projects can be added.
15, earthwork excavation pile construction projects, contracting not-included, in which the contract moving in real terms, be counted when faced collapse, and now because the party representatives and supervision Party dissatisfaction, free visa, resulting in moving the number of landslides increased a lot, I ask how a party to the settlement?
A: This is the Party's internal management issues, if all party representatives and the Commissioner of the visa approval to the construction unit should be settled. Dereliction of duty if the party insiders that, should produce sufficient information or evidence to take legal proceedings.
16, on a for how material should be returned in the settlement, has been controversial, would like to ask about?
A: A and B for the material should be agreed between the parties. Generally use the normal settlement, a settlement price for the material at less. A market price for the procurement of materials and the difference between the settlement price be resolved by the Party, Party B after deducting the process can take a total storage fee for materials.
17, I have a project recently completed work is in the final settlement, the contract price of this project is very low, and nearly one-third of quantities for materials belonging to a and Party sub-project, project contract settlement and related by a fixed fee of 01 reduced by 10% after the implementation of, and negotiation of the project CERs great (Party engineers specify when the visa due to some negotiations I lodge, and no longer included in the economic changes, and subtract the true credit) to subtract the part of the contract if the press is also the implementation of this provision, the loss of our large, I think the original contract price of this project is very low, and there are A large part or the Party for the sub-projects, this part of the capital is a fixed number, but as a decrease, and a sub-only party for the actual workload of our material outside, so I think that part can not subtract Click here to contract enforcement, please give express.
A: The balance sheet should be deducted from the budget for materials and Party A is a sub-project, project funds remaining as the contract price, and then calculated according to the contract to increase the works (as agreed fall).
18, I have been doing a clearing project is the tender of quantities by the Employer in the tender offer and completion of the project the amount of inconsistency between the actual quantities, according to local authorities provisions should be part of multi-column shall not be deducted, according to the corresponding price list in the amount of settlement; omissions and less out some administrative department of construction shall be issued by the valuation basis and the guide price settlement. I am now experiencing a budget problem is that we won the bid book distribution box installation subheadings offer was too low, the budget is mainly caused by power distribution boxes offer is too low, can not be adjusted as required. But if some distribution box-counting (when the Party of quantities in the contract) I was winning the budget should be similar to the book distribution box subheadings integrated unit reported settlement, or the actual price of the equipment included in subdirectory , according to a new integrated unit settlement?
A: In general the construction drawings, signed by the party identified the construction plan, site visa list, approved by a single technology, engineering change orders, effective completion of data can be used as a basis for settlement; but Some Party will require the information as a basis for settlement of the economy must be bound specifically to sign and acknowledge, as far as possible in order to avoid passing the buck settlement expressly agreed in the contract.
19, the contract settled according to the budget for the construction plans, design changes and field a visa. The project construction unit in the process of settlement as proposed settlement based on hidden data, right?
A: The hidden engineering design changes or field can be used as the basis for a visa, but have additional design changes and field a single visa.
20, this year, cable, wire the price rises too much, I Party to the settlement required us to adjust the spread, but the Party does not give us adjust the Party said it has been agreed in the contract, including the risk factor. Is this the risk is too great, I do not know that we can ask the party to adjust. Also, do not know about the rise in copper is there any documents, rose in number to the number not be adjusted within the range, rising domestic demand in the range of the number of how many have agreed in the contract but either can be adjusted. And in what ways I can make the difference Party to adjust to me.
A: According to the contract, if the contract is not agreed only consultation.
21, of quantities does not match the description and construction drawings, and construction of a site visa, at a fixed price case, the settlement price is adjustable.
Answer: According to the contract terms of the settlement agreement on the changes and visa, if there is a clear stated at contract execution. If there is no clearly defined change and the two sides negotiated settlement visa after the settlement.
22, tender documents and contract engineering, information clearing prices according to local bulletin main material prices, but the two sides in the construction price of the visa of the main material, significantly higher than the price of a local bulletin information and supervision units also sign for approval, as the audit should be done?
A: If the contract is agreed to be the first implementation of the contract. Another signature supervision units, the construction unit is to sign and acknowledge, because some functions are only responsible for supervision of the contract site conditions, cost involved must be party to sign and acknowledge, if the party has to sign and acknowledge, and can be considered as supplementary information on the settlement should be pricing.
23, tender documents and contract engineering, information clearing prices according to local bulletin main material prices, but in the construction of the two sides signed a supplementary agreement, the settlement price of the main material for the local Gazette information price plus transportation costs, and agreed to the second transport costs, transport costs and transport costs were significantly higher than that of the secondary market price, as the audit department should I do?
A: If the party endorsement and a supplemental agreement, the audit should be further informed the Party that is unreasonable, but if the party agrees, or that a special reason, the Supplemental Agreement shall be given to the balance sheet , (except for government audit.)
one, clearing some
1, a project (for fixed pricing) contract basis in real settlement, clearing and found the foundation trench open dug wider than the fixed engineering calculation rules (based on the basis of bottom width plus face), the construction units and construction units began to diverge, the construction unit that its rule beyond the calculation of the fixed quantities, belonging to the construction measures, according to the contract design part of the non-measurement I ask: 1) What is to complete the workload of the actual consumption of a survival or costs.
2, foundation trench dug part of the settlement should first look over the causes, if the owners of ultra-digging part is the cause or force majeure, then the need for design changes or a visa, according to the actual post-construction the amount of settlement. If the reason is due to the construction side, you can not according to specifications that its construction, the rules should be settled.
2, there is a project of the clearing work, a lot of changes and visas, involving the calculation of the visa now understand there are differences, the differences are as follows: increased cost of 53,000 yuan a work visa, but did not indicate whether includes all costs, so the calculation is included in direct costs to participate in the profit accrual, tax, or credited directly to pre-tax cost, or directly included in the after-tax cost? Also because there is a discount of 8% Party, may I ask whether it should offer some visa?
A: 1, a visa is for the actual costs incurred, taking into account the general visa just another tax, that is directly included in pre-tax cost.
2, part of the visa depends on whether the concessions contract, if agreed according contract execution, if not agreed, you will need to consult both parties. In general, the offer is for the project, while the visa is included in the individual within the total project cost, so it needs concessions.
3, there is a project, the tender document the basis of independent quantities excavation is described as follows: m * 2.0m digging depth: 2.7m spoil distance: discretion to consider groundwater level: -1.2 m . The description of the independent foundation concrete, 'd Like to, have been described independent foundation construction is completed, ask the independent foundation of the A: According to the inventory valuation norms, digging earthworks list of items based on the amount of the project is to The quantities, while deepening cushion thickness should be calculated.
For these cases only the items listed in the list of features provided by Party did not specify whether it is by earthwork So not to judge whether the counting Party. Construction side need to verify that, if indeed counting needs to Party with the amount of this part of the project.
4, lump sum price in the project to meet new fees do not increase construction measures, such as the new wall, scaffold or not to calculate it?
A: You should see the contract. Normally, lump sum price does not include new items, new items, if for the construction of additional construction measures triggered fee (generally refers to technical measures fee), you need to take into account.
5, where I was a water treatment plant project, recently encountered a claim, we in the earth excavation and construction supervision and the organization does not formally submitted to the former owners, the consent of the owners under supervision and for large earth excavation, foundation digging depth of 4.5M, 98M long catchy wide 46.5M, the foundation has been finished and put into one side of the sink stack pool, in the excavation prior to our request orally stacked near the sink Pool play according to the design side of two rows of steel sheet pile, but the owners and the Commissioner refused to cost too much, so we take the natural form of excavation grading, the stack after the pool side of the earth near the sink part of the collapse and uneven settlement, resulting in the original pool of a drain stack Shen broken earth is immersed in water a large area under the collapsed after the accident we take active measures to remedy the pool side of the stack near the sink to play again and do two rows of steel sheet pile concrete slope protection, transfer to four pumps continuous pumping. After our request the claim, but the Commissioner and the owners refused a visa in the following two reasons:
(1) construction of earth of our organization is formally submitted after the accident to the Commissioner of
; (2) Supervision and the owner verbally rejected the two rows of steel sheet pile to play, but did not refuse to play a row of steel sheet pile construction on the grounds that the organization is due to our failure, accidents caused by ill-conceived construction measures.
reason I ask the Commissioner of reasonable? Can we claim?
A: If the terms from the written materials, supervision, and the owners of the grounds are reasonable, the construction side can not claim. Specific reasons are as follows: 1. The construction request to play two rows of steel sheet pile, but the owners and the Commissioner of the cost is too high to refuse. But the owners did not ask you do not take effective measures to prevent accidents from occurring, the surface can be seen from the title owners would like to take low cost measures to B, but B does not continue to put forward reasonable proposals, and to take measures not the natural grading to ensure good construction quality. Therefore, Party B should bear the primary responsibility.
Who is your Prince Charming hit
Seen in the forums, come to share the next ~! Look at to say whether the Right! What is your Prince Charming ~ ~
Aries engaged in the trade or planning type of work, blood type is O, the constellation is best Leo, Libra or Sagittarius. His people can not resist the cool temperament, but it is not a playboy. To openly accept your passion, you very seriously, and his care will make your life full of glory. Met for about 24-33 years of age, most likely got married!
Taurus
his emaciated appearance, at first glance a bit cheesy, but in fact he was quite content. The work of civil servants, financial institutions or engineer. Blood type is A, the constellation Virgo, Scorpio or Capricorn is better. The first impression may make people feel cold, in fact, it is because he was shy and love in the hearts of Kou hard to open, he will be loyal to love someone is not easy once the change of heart
Gemini
he looks tall , strong, good body fit to wear the clothes texture, blood type is O-type, astrological sign is Libra, Sagittarius and Aquarius, appearance and social life experiences have been those within the best candidates. Can be through gossip, to talk social news topics to increase, meet at 23 to 30 years time, this time to develop the relationship has excellent results
destined for Cancer
you look thin , color a little black dress more formal. Health-related work may also be a writer, artist. He always gives the feeling of melancholy prince, blood type A, should be a Scorpio, Capricorn, Pisces. He will because of your encouragement to make progress, if he is 26 years old or 28 years old to know you, you are his most important girl.
Leo his size is moderate, the high one of the characteristics of his nose. Although it can not be described as very handsome, but it is quite a good impression of each type of girls. Engaged in the performing arts or creative work, blood type is B, is the constellation Aries, Sagittarius and Aquarius is better. He loves to serve the people, very considerate of you carefully. Meet the timing is in your 25-31 years old.
Virgo
he has a white teeth, is a rare integrity, good youth. Engaged in the computer, engineering work, it could be office workers and civil servants. Blood type is A, constellation Capricorn, Pisces boy better. He was very cautious in love, so love the number is relatively small. Close attention to the relationship with each other heart to heart, once he fell in love with the girl will be very happy
Libra
he belongs to the tall, thin type, approximate model very handsome handsome appearance. Engaged in the music, the work of computer engineers and the like, blood type is AB, constellation Aries, Gemini and Aquarius boy best, cool exterior has tremendous energy and enthusiasm. They can take a limousine dating or eating a high-level dinner at the hotel, will help the development of the love of two.
Scorpio
his appearance very sexy, though usually dull little words, but often attracts you. Aspects of nature or psychologists engaged in research work, blood type is B, Zeyi constellation Aries, Scorpio and Pisces is better. Although most of the girls are very considerate, but he is not half-hearted people. His great influence on you, every move will make your life change.
Sagittarius
He was very tall, dark complexion of the sun is a boy, good at outdoor activities, engaged in the travel industry, language teacher, or legal work. Blood type is O-type, astrological sign is Aries, Gemini and Leo boys better. They have a strong thirst for knowledge, from philosophy to science and technology, advanced topics are of interest to them, allow you to learn many things.
Capricorn
boy he is quite mature and can communicate with you seriously. Big business office workers, civil servants or work with the construction industry. Blood type is A, the constellation Taurus, Cancer and Virgo boy is better. They are extremely sensual essential vitamins in your life, with him there are often surprised and moved by the joy of marriage is the best period of 26 to 32 years.
Aquarius
temperament, he has fresh, thin but strong fingers aura of sexy. Engaged in program production or media-related work. The more applications will be interested in the work, the more able to attract your attention. Type AB blood type, astrological sign is Gemini and Libra. They know the girl psychological, so you have a degree of respect. Even if different values, but also mutual understanding.
Pisces
his overall feeling of very thin, though often wearing a smile, but always with sadness. In music, video, or volunteer work. Type B blood type, astrological sign is Cancer, and Scorpio is better, as long as you love moisture, he can get back the focus of life, touched by his mind so that you will be more in love with him. He is like a baby expert
Aries engaged in the trade or planning type of work, blood type is O, the constellation is best Leo, Libra or Sagittarius. His people can not resist the cool temperament, but it is not a playboy. To openly accept your passion, you very seriously, and his care will make your life full of glory. Met for about 24-33 years of age, most likely got married!
Taurus
his emaciated appearance, at first glance a bit cheesy, but in fact he was quite content. The work of civil servants, financial institutions or engineer. Blood type is A, the constellation Virgo, Scorpio or Capricorn is better. The first impression may make people feel cold, in fact, it is because he was shy and love in the hearts of Kou hard to open, he will be loyal to love someone is not easy once the change of heart
Gemini
he looks tall , strong, good body fit to wear the clothes texture, blood type is O-type, astrological sign is Libra, Sagittarius and Aquarius, appearance and social life experiences have been those within the best candidates. Can be through gossip, to talk social news topics to increase, meet at 23 to 30 years time, this time to develop the relationship has excellent results
destined for Cancer
you look thin , color a little black dress more formal. Health-related work may also be a writer, artist. He always gives the feeling of melancholy prince, blood type A, should be a Scorpio, Capricorn, Pisces. He will because of your encouragement to make progress, if he is 26 years old or 28 years old to know you, you are his most important girl.
Leo his size is moderate, the high one of the characteristics of his nose. Although it can not be described as very handsome, but it is quite a good impression of each type of girls. Engaged in the performing arts or creative work, blood type is B, is the constellation Aries, Sagittarius and Aquarius is better. He loves to serve the people, very considerate of you carefully. Meet the timing is in your 25-31 years old.
Virgo
he has a white teeth, is a rare integrity, good youth. Engaged in the computer, engineering work, it could be office workers and civil servants. Blood type is A, constellation Capricorn, Pisces boy better. He was very cautious in love, so love the number is relatively small. Close attention to the relationship with each other heart to heart, once he fell in love with the girl will be very happy
Libra
he belongs to the tall, thin type, approximate model very handsome handsome appearance. Engaged in the music, the work of computer engineers and the like, blood type is AB, constellation Aries, Gemini and Aquarius boy best, cool exterior has tremendous energy and enthusiasm. They can take a limousine dating or eating a high-level dinner at the hotel, will help the development of the love of two.
Scorpio
his appearance very sexy, though usually dull little words, but often attracts you. Aspects of nature or psychologists engaged in research work, blood type is B, Zeyi constellation Aries, Scorpio and Pisces is better. Although most of the girls are very considerate, but he is not half-hearted people. His great influence on you, every move will make your life change.
Sagittarius
He was very tall, dark complexion of the sun is a boy, good at outdoor activities, engaged in the travel industry, language teacher, or legal work. Blood type is O-type, astrological sign is Aries, Gemini and Leo boys better. They have a strong thirst for knowledge, from philosophy to science and technology, advanced topics are of interest to them, allow you to learn many things.
Capricorn
boy he is quite mature and can communicate with you seriously. Big business office workers, civil servants or work with the construction industry. Blood type is A, the constellation Taurus, Cancer and Virgo boy is better. They are extremely sensual essential vitamins in your life, with him there are often surprised and moved by the joy of marriage is the best period of 26 to 32 years.
Aquarius
temperament, he has fresh, thin but strong fingers aura of sexy. Engaged in program production or media-related work. The more applications will be interested in the work, the more able to attract your attention. Type AB blood type, astrological sign is Gemini and Libra. They know the girl psychological, so you have a degree of respect. Even if different values, but also mutual understanding.
Pisces
his overall feeling of very thin, though often wearing a smile, but always with sadness. In music, video, or volunteer work. Type B blood type, astrological sign is Cancer, and Scorpio is better, as long as you love moisture, he can get back the focus of life, touched by his mind so that you will be more in love with him. He is like a baby expert
Wednesday, May 11, 2011
25 luxury, you have it
honor at a friend's room to see the article, there are so little touched my heart.
originally thought, he said, may be a luxury perfume, jewelry, designer clothes, watches ... ...
after reading understanding, that I was too superficial, but I also congratulate the 25 luxury items, and I do not have nothing
fact. . . Many of these luxury goods to their own side, but have become accustomed to their presence, and become granted. . . . . .
true, but people's lives, the most extravagant thing you can not have a lot of wealth, also have the
the contrary, know how to appreciate, to discover the life we really make the joy from the heart of the
Here you can have a lifetime of 25 luxury items, and how much you have?
; ; a carrying bag to take the world's health
2 comfortable working
3 days the wind blows always someone to remind you add clothes
4 there was asleep when her mother or husband for your cover is
5 wear cheap T shirt is also the health of PP body
6 hand written stating that you wish
7 would like to travel, there is always able to talk to friends willing to take leave to accompany
8 every day practical to sleep
9 will enjoy the beautiful heart and mind can enjoy the beautiful
10 at all times be meaningful and well-being
11 a church you love and be loved in man
12 whom you are willing to pay for baby
13 heart forever freedom
14 to bring up the ethos of others
15 learn to give up
16 to learn to accept
17 to accept and cherish all life has to offer
18 personally planting, harvesting
19 collections a pool of emotional items
20 looking for the lost innocence
21 state of mind open
22 to honor a promise
23 tasted the food
24 occasionally make a little worse
25 you can think of a romantic thing to reality
originally thought, he said, may be a luxury perfume, jewelry, designer clothes, watches ... ...
after reading understanding, that I was too superficial, but I also congratulate the 25 luxury items, and I do not have nothing
fact. . . Many of these luxury goods to their own side, but have become accustomed to their presence, and become granted. . . . . .
true, but people's lives, the most extravagant thing you can not have a lot of wealth, also have the
the contrary, know how to appreciate, to discover the life we really make the joy from the heart of the
Here you can have a lifetime of 25 luxury items, and how much you have?
; ; a carrying bag to take the world's health
2 comfortable working
3 days the wind blows always someone to remind you add clothes
4 there was asleep when her mother or husband for your cover is
5 wear cheap T shirt is also the health of PP body
6 hand written stating that you wish
7 would like to travel, there is always able to talk to friends willing to take leave to accompany
8 every day practical to sleep
9 will enjoy the beautiful heart and mind can enjoy the beautiful
10 at all times be meaningful and well-being
11 a church you love and be loved in man
12 whom you are willing to pay for baby
13 heart forever freedom
14 to bring up the ethos of others
15 learn to give up
16 to learn to accept
17 to accept and cherish all life has to offer
18 personally planting, harvesting
19 collections a pool of emotional items
20 looking for the lost innocence
21 state of mind open
22 to honor a promise
23 tasted the food
24 occasionally make a little worse
25 you can think of a romantic thing to reality
Sunday, May 8, 2011
Should not hate
br> turn Zhu Court, low-chi households, according to the sleepless. should not have hate, going on since the beginning of time? people have sorrow and joy, month also wanes, the matter ancient difficult wholly. Nung, thousand new moon. Mid-Autumn Night, and his friends travel a total of Gold, Head
Sushi At Mid-Autumn Festival feeling let us sing for a thousand years, hours of a full moon. Our hearts will always be a regret, perhaps because we always cherish a greedy heart, the heart to let us obtain the endless, endless disappointment and tortured by the pain.
We always aim to nail one journey the best street in the landscape, because the hurry and missed the best view of life, in the sunset of the orthopyroxene in the face of Choi Ha brilliant sky, the heart will be filled with a trace of the sad death Cheong, perhaps only this time, we will put all the shackles, with the calm of a quiet no idea of the harmony.
a helpless sigh of our escape, our resentment is a self-harm, since we love, why the first thought of return, before we always pay to do a first proof of identity it, love is a heart, a selfless, kind of ecstasy, only the pros and cons of self-fade, fade in the expansion of desires, love, can elevated to a state.
let us look at the world with angels eyes and let the olive branch of peace air to breathe freely and not to hate, so we have a tolerance and relieved, so grateful heart, such as crystal clear.
Sushi At Mid-Autumn Festival feeling let us sing for a thousand years, hours of a full moon. Our hearts will always be a regret, perhaps because we always cherish a greedy heart, the heart to let us obtain the endless, endless disappointment and tortured by the pain.
We always aim to nail one journey the best street in the landscape, because the hurry and missed the best view of life, in the sunset of the orthopyroxene in the face of Choi Ha brilliant sky, the heart will be filled with a trace of the sad death Cheong, perhaps only this time, we will put all the shackles, with the calm of a quiet no idea of the harmony.
a helpless sigh of our escape, our resentment is a self-harm, since we love, why the first thought of return, before we always pay to do a first proof of identity it, love is a heart, a selfless, kind of ecstasy, only the pros and cons of self-fade, fade in the expansion of desires, love, can elevated to a state.
let us look at the world with angels eyes and let the olive branch of peace air to breathe freely and not to hate, so we have a tolerance and relieved, so grateful heart, such as crystal clear.
Not familiar with the local landscape
Not familiar with the local landscape .
We are very fragile, so the fear of being bullied when fighting under the ruthless hands, for fear of injury so I chose to reject .
but if the fear of injury to opt out , this is just an excuse
We are very fragile, so the fear of being bullied when fighting under the ruthless hands, for fear of injury so I chose to reject .
but if the fear of injury to opt out , this is just an excuse
Monday, May 2, 2011
Farewell sales offices
work to a new one later to be responsible for the sale of the invoice , and to face new challenges , but the office of the General Lee to go to work , and my heart really Well suppressed , since the companies , has been very afraid of him, see him feel very nervous.
ten months in the business department , I learned many things from one point to today 's business did not know skilled people who also guided me , and now I have to guide newcomers to succeed , the whole process has also undergone a not a simple endeavor.
others seems more pressure on the new job , but I have more to look forward to , because I am young , I want to touch with their more good for Love More work, more experience , one day if really old memories will not empty. . . .
Which forget is the company's vice president said Now they promise is half the battle , ten months of work was very successful and satisfactory conclusion and start the next job.
took the opportunity to control and the system is not prepared, they have to adjust well to the best state to meet the new challenges another! Come on!
ten months in the business department , I learned many things from one point to today 's business did not know skilled people who also guided me , and now I have to guide newcomers to succeed , the whole process has also undergone a not a simple endeavor.
others seems more pressure on the new job , but I have more to look forward to , because I am young , I want to touch with their more good for Love More work, more experience , one day if really old memories will not empty. . . .
Which forget is the company's vice president said Now they promise is half the battle , ten months of work was very successful and satisfactory conclusion and start the next job.
took the opportunity to control and the system is not prepared, they have to adjust well to the best state to meet the new challenges another! Come on!
i
morning , oh no, wake up at noon on the feeling that what took place in the world change What color is snow
really brave of me to ask the beans out of the painting by Takagi, Naoko Intuit to see the way the other deserted
but no cold air down to go back and forth
also felt quite hot
to the library did not stay long in her house because the beans are third year
It should not clutter
third year , when people think I am like any other prudent and careful
Intuit also reported a voluntary
to uncle , uncle , my dad go to war for three people along for the ride
d pumping a smoking room to listen to
results also are reported
I mean, in fact my parents still Duman democracy Well ~ hehe. .
now look at the situation of these children
not seem so good to me
P D are constantly making up
beans all day in her father and mother are also struggling with the nagging thought I
So much time as they are quite large
idea that they will not like what I was experiencing things as what people feel quite curious
sister school if the words of love
That is what I should do an attitude . . ?
Oh Oh ( Ins ..)
Huh . . Why not just say snow ? !
jacket on ! This brings us these little animals are trapped in the house it
originally planned to do a winter break did not do. .
New Year Well ~ originally planned to not have to do a ~
08年to say it ~
really brave of me to ask the beans out of the painting by Takagi, Naoko Intuit to see the way the other deserted
but no cold air down to go back and forth
also felt quite hot
to the library did not stay long in her house because the beans are third year
It should not clutter
third year , when people think I am like any other prudent and careful
Intuit also reported a voluntary
to uncle , uncle , my dad go to war for three people along for the ride
d pumping a smoking room to listen to
results also are reported
I mean, in fact my parents still Duman democracy Well ~ hehe. .
now look at the situation of these children
not seem so good to me
P D are constantly making up
beans all day in her father and mother are also struggling with the nagging thought I
So much time as they are quite large
idea that they will not like what I was experiencing things as what people feel quite curious
sister school if the words of love
That is what I should do an attitude . . ?
Oh Oh ( Ins ..)
Huh . . Why not just say snow ? !
jacket on ! This brings us these little animals are trapped in the house it
originally planned to do a winter break did not do. .
New Year Well ~ originally planned to not have to do a ~
08年to say it ~
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